This cohort study investigates if use of a 2-stage parent-report autism risk screening tool at 2 years of age is associated with 3-year developmental and behavioral outcomes among infants born very preterm.
Read MoreThis Viewpoint discusses the development of pediatric-specific reporting guidelines that facilitate transparent reporting of published pediatric clinical trials.
Read MoreThe Original Investigation titled “Changes Induced by Early Hand-Arm Bimanual Intensive Therapy Including Lower Extremities in Young Children With Unilateral Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Clinical Trial,” published on November 6, 2023, was corrected to fix an error in the Abstract; “This prospective randomized clinical trial (November 2018 to December 2021), including 2 parallel groups and a 1:1 allocation, took place at European university hospitals…” was updated to “This prospective randomized clinical trial (November 2018 to December 2021), including 2 parallel groups and a 1:1 allocation, recruitment took place at European university hospitals…”; in the Key Points, “What is the effect of early Hand-Arm Bimanual Intensive Therapy Including Lower Extremities (HABIT-ILE) intervention on bi...
Read MoreAs the world transitions from COVID-19 pandemic to endemic, influenza continues to adapt and challenge our immune systems and our public health initiatives. Influenza remains an important respiratory illness among all populations, including pregnant persons and infants, who both have increased susceptibility to severe disease. Notably, infants younger than 6 months have the highest hospitalization rate of all children. Maternal influenza vaccination protects expectant persons from illness and its complications as well as infants in the first 6 months of life through transplacental transfer of antibodies. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommend inactivated influenza vaccination be administered during the influenza s...
Read MoreThis cohort study attempts to determine if Ages and Stages Questionnaire 3 and Ages and Stages Questionnaire Social-Emotional 2 scores changed during the COVID-19 pandemic among families served by a nurse-visiting program.
Read MoreThis cohort study investigates the association between household health-related social needs in the first 4 months of life and behavioral functioning at 6 months in newborns.
Read MoreVision: JAMA Pediatrics will be the most respected source of information for investigators, providers, and policy makers seeking the highest quality evidence to guide decision-making.
Read MoreThis JAMA Pediatrics Patient Page describes high blood pressure in children.
Read MoreThis cross-sectional study examines documented hospitalization for influenza and administration of neuraminidase inhibitors in US children.
Read MoreThis cohort study compares outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection with those of influenza or respiratory syncytial virus infection in pediatric patients attending the emergency department.
Read MoreThe Original Investigation titled “Probiotics, Prebiotics, Lactoferrin, and Combination Products for Prevention of Mortality and Morbidity in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis,” published on November 6, 2023, was corrected to fix 2 errors in the row headings for Figure 3. This article was corrected online.
Read MoreTo the Editor The study by Radel et al on psychotropic medications and polypharmacy among children and adolescents in the US child welfare system warrants discussion. The results reiterate prevailing concerns regarding high prescription rates in this vulnerable population. The notable discrepancy, with 26.25% of youths in the child welfare system prescribed psychotropic medication compared to 9.06% of Medicaid-enrolled youths, underscores a concern in prescription practices. The 13.27% experiencing psychotropic polypharmacy emphasizes a potential overreliance on pharmacologic interventions.
Read MoreThis cross-sectional study of 262 adolescents who discharged firearms in 253 school shootings examined the type, make, and power of firearms involved in school-related gun violence and methods of obtainment of these weapons.
Read MoreThis Viewpoint examines existing systems affecting Latino immigrant families’ access to health care and offers potential policy solutions to promote the health and well-being of Latino immigrant families.
Read MoreThe human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine could prevent an estimated 94% of HPV-attributable or 36 500 total cancers in the United States each year. Despite this effectiveness, vaccine coverage is lower than other routine adolescent immunizations. In 2022, for the first time since 2013, HPV vaccine series initiation did not increase among adolescents. This concerning finding highlights the need for large-scale measures to support HPV vaccination. Because a majority of vaccination occurs in primary care settings, it makes sense to focus on improving the effectiveness of primary care vaccination efforts. Furthermore, an increasing number of primary care practices are part of health systems. Immunization efforts coordinated at the health system level have the potential to increase HPV vaccine co...
Read MoreThis cohort study uses state inpatient data to assess changes in distance traveled over time for hospitalization of common pediatric conditions in rural-residing children.
Read MoreThis case-control study examines the prevalence of rare de novo and inherited sequence variations among children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and siblings and parents without ADHD.
Read MoreTo the Editor The study by Rider et al identified high rates of depressive symptoms among groups of Asian American and Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander youth of sexual and gender minority identities who experienced bias-based bullying. We applaud the authors for investigating a vital intersection of pediatric, sexual and gender minority, and mental health. They implemented the χ2 automatic interaction detection technique—a decisional tree approach developed in the 1980s that was foundational to modern-day gradient boosting machine learning techniques used in health care research. Using surveys from California and Minnesota, they found depressive symptoms among the aggregate grouping of Filipinx, Korean, and Japanese youth. As Indigenous Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander ...
Read MoreVision: JAMA Pediatrics will be the most respected source of information for investigators, providers, and policy makers seeking the highest quality evidence to guide decision-making.
Read MoreThis JAMA Pediatrics Patient Page describes pediatric weight management according to the obesity guidelines recently published by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP).
Read MoreThe Original Investigation titled, “Exercise and Insulin Resistance Markers in Children and Adolescents With Excess Weight: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis,” published October 9, 2023, incorrectly listed the Department of Environmental Health, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, as an affiliation for Dr López-Gil. The article has been corrected to remove this affiliation.
Read MoreThe development of safe and effective vaccines against the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus, the cause of COVID-19 pandemic, was justifiably hailed as a major advance in protecting the population against severe and fatal infection. The vaccine rollout was targeted toward recognized communities at risk, including older adults, those with comorbidities, and those who were immunosuppressed. Pregnant women, and by extension, their infants, were included in these high-risk groups for vaccination. The prioritization of pregnant women was justified from historical observations of disproportionate mortality and morbidity during previous influenza pandemics. For example, during the 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic, 50% of infected pregnant women died. Despite advances in public health, intensive care, and the...
Read MoreThis randomized clinical trial evaluates the noninferiority of a social care assistance intervention with respect to health care experiences among caregivers of pediatric patients.
Read MoreThis case-control study investigates the association of maternal and infant use of antibiotics and acid suppressants and the risk of developing eosinophilic esophagitis.
Read MoreThis Viewpoint exposes the antiscience and misinformation used to generate skepticism about abusive head trauma in young children, putting this vulnerable population at risk.
Read MoreIn the Research Letter titled “Trends in Obesity Prevalence Among Children and Adolescents Aged 2 to 19 Years in the US From 2011 to 2020,” published online first on July 25, 2022, and in the October 2022 issue of JAMA Pediatrics, there was an error in the analyses of the mobile examination clinic (MEC) weights. During the final analysis, the weights were removed so as to include race and ethnicity as a covariate. Per the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, inclusion of the MEC weights is necessary to make the prevalence data nationally representative. To address this error, calculations were performed again to include MEC weights through all stages of the analyses. As a result, the updated analyses resulted in corrections to many of the prevalence rates reported in the text,...
Read MoreVision: JAMA Pediatrics will be the most respected source of information for investigators, providers, and policy makers seeking the highest quality evidence to guide decision-making.
Read MoreOver 200 health journals call on the United Nations, political leaders, and health professionals to recognize that climate change and biodiversity loss are one indivisible crisis and must be tackled together to preserve health and avoid catastrophe. This overall environmental crisis is now so severe as to be a global health emergency.
Read MoreThis Patient Page describes safety measures parents can take to protect children from gun violence.
Read MoreThis cohort study assesses bone mineral density after long-term use of gender-affirming hormones among transgender adults who used puberty suppression in adolescence.
Read MoreIn Reply In response to our article, Barbanti Zancheta et al asked why we did not include some known risk factors for autism as confounders in our models. We left out gestational age as it is likely a mediator in the causal pathway that would induce bias if included, while there is no apparent reason to think that paternal age or child age at diagnosis affects maternal residential lithium exposure levels. In terms of the study design and effect estimates we chose, we would like to point out that a nested case-control design is a well established and cost-efficient epidemiologic approach to estimate exposure effects (odds ratios) for rare outcomes. We extracted autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnoses—primarily made by child psychiatrists following International Statistical Classification o...
Read MoreThis systematic review and network meta-analysis examines evidence about the use of probiotics, prebiotics, lactoferrin, and their combination to gauge the comparative effectiveness of alternative prophylactic strategies for morbidity and mortality in premature infants.
Read MoreThis study attempts to determine the proportion of infants eligible for neonatal hypoglycemia screening using criteria from the highest-scoring critically appraised clinical guideline.
Read MoreThis cross-sectional study examines the association between flood exposure and diarrhea risk among young children in low- and middle-income countries, and evaluates whether water, sanitation, and hygiene practices have a role in this association.
Read MoreThis cohort study assesses the frequency with which children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder at 12 to 36 months of age continued to meet diagnostic criteria based on functioning at 5 to 7 years of age.
Read MorePrematurity is a major problem in the United States and globally. Preterm infants born at very low birth weight (<1500 g) experience increased mortality (7%-22%), and only 58% to 74% of these infants survive without the major morbidities of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, severe intraventricular hemorrhage, cystic periventricular leukomalacia, or retinopathy of prematurity requiring treatment. Preterm survivors are at risk of having long-term morbidity, including cerebral palsy, intellectual disabilities, blindness, and hearing loss. During 2008 to 2016, the annual societal economic cost associated with preterm birth in the United States was at least $26.2 billion. During the first 6 months of life, mean first-year medical costs were about 10 times greater for preterm infants ($76 153) than...
Read MoreTo the Editor The article by Liew et al provides important information about the association between maternal exposure to lithium in drinking water and risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring in Denmark. However, this article has drawbacks.
Read MoreTo the Editor Liew et al evaluated the association of exposure to residential lithium in drinking water during pregnancy with risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring. The article, and subsequent widespread publicity, largely conclude a positive association between trace lithium intake and risk of ASD.
Read MoreVision: JAMA Pediatrics will be the most respected source of information for investigators, providers, and policy makers seeking the highest quality evidence to guide decision-making.
Read MoreThis cross-sectional study uses nationally representative data to estimate the prevalence of major depressive disorder among US adolescents by racial and ethnic group and assesses disparities in mental health treatment.
Read MoreThis Patient Page describes common causes for chest pain in children, heart-related causes of chest pain, and what an evaluation with a pediatric cardiologist migh tlook like.
Read MoreDepression is a leading cause of global disease burden and premature death, with early age at depression onset portending poorly for a host of negative outcomes. Children who experience depression are at risk of having a more severe course of illness, including a greater number of and more severe episodes, increased risk of suicide attempts, greater number of hospitalizations, more medical and psychiatric comorbidity, and greater impairment in social, cognitive, and occupational functioning, compared with onset in adolescence or adulthood. The treatment costs for childhood mental disorders in the US are estimated to be $10.9 billion annually. Thus, from a public health standpoint, it is critical to ascertain a clear understanding of the earliest emergence of depressive disorders and their ...
Read MoreTo the Editor We are writing in response to the Viewpoint by Finlayson et al. While the authors highlight the potential of machine learning (ML) in clinical research, we would like to address some points that warrant further discussion.
Read MoreThis cohort study uses data from the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program to investigate whether opportunity and social vulnerability at the neighborhood level are associated with childhood asthma incidence.
Read MoreThis meta-analysis examines the prevalence of major depressive disorder, dysthymia, and disruptive mood dysregulation disorder in children.
Read MoreThis Viewpoint examines 2 recent cases that encapsulate the debate on religious exemptions to school vaccination requirements and further argues against these exemptions for schoolchildren.
Read MoreOverweight and obesity are growing epidemics worldwide. Recent estimates from the World Health Organization indicate that 39% of adults had overweight, and 13% had obesity. In addition, an estimated 340 million children and adolescents aged 5 to 19 years had overweight or obesity in 2016 whereas 39 million children younger than 5 years had overweight or obesity in 2020. Understanding the biological mechanisms behind the development of overweight and obesity is critical as overweight and obesity are risk factors for a host of cardiometabolic outcomes including heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. The developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis points to the importance of long-term epigenetic programming for cardiometabolic risk factors such as high body ma...
Read MoreIn JAMA Pediatrics, Venkatesan et al share a rigorous, descriptive, epidemiologic analysis of more than 100 million US births from 1995 to 2020. The authors focus on mortality rates specifically among the more than 12 million preterm infants and highlight a few key findings. Mortality rates among preterm infants have declined substantially over the last 25 years from 33.7 to 23.3 per 1000 live births. However, inequities in preterm infant mortality persist; Black preterm infants remain 43% more likely to die than their White counterparts. Black extremely preterm infants (22-27 weeks gestation) have a small (13%) subtle survival advantage over White extremely preterm infants, which was stable throughout the study period. With respect to socioeconomic and demographic variables, infants born ...
Read MoreThis study attempts to examine whether epigenetic measures of body mass index (BMI) developed in adults are valid biomarkers of childhood BMI and if they are sensitive to early life social determinants of health.
Read MoreVision: JAMA Pediatrics will be the most respected source of information for investigators, providers, and policy makers seeking the highest quality evidence to guide decision-making.
Read MorePreterm birth (ie, birth before 37 weeks’ gestational age) is the leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years worldwide and accounts for 18% of the deaths. Furthermore, preterm birth is a common cause of morbidity and further mortality during childhood. The most common complications of prematurity include respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, feeding difficulties, interventricular hemorrhages, periventricular leukomalacia, seizures, sepsis, and retinopathy of prematurity. While there is higher morbidity and mortality associated in infants born before 34 weeks’ gestation, those born between 34 and 37 weeks’ gestation (defined as late preterm) are at risk for greater adverse outcomes than term infants. Mothers of preterm infants...
Read MoreThis cross-sectional study analyzes data from 2 statewide school surveys to document the experiences of sexual and gender minoritized Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander students in grades 9 through 12 who reported bullying related to their identity.
Read MoreThis randomized clinical trial evaluates the effect of the Preemie Prep for Parents program on parental knowledge of preterm birth, preparation for decision-making, and parent anxiety.
Read MoreThis cohort study evaluates risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and adolescents in England during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Read MoreIntersectional theory underscores the ways in which an individual’s diverse social identities may interact with one another to shape a person’s lived experiences. This perspective emerged, in part, as a response to concerns that focusing on a single axis of oppression, such as racism or sexism, may ignore the unique experiences of individuals who experience marginalization along multiple dimensions (eg, both racism and heterosexism). Research grounded in intersectionality that examines how social identities uniquely contribute to experiences of discrimination and associated health outcomes is imperative for guiding prevention and intervention approaches tailored to the lived experiences of diverse youth.
Read MoreVision: JAMA Pediatrics will be the most respected source of information for investigators, providers, and policy makers seeking the highest quality evidence to guide decision-making.
Read MoreResearch on persuasion and advice utilization has several implications and best practices for constructing health advice messages. In the randomized clinical trial by Stallwood et al, youth participants were given either plain language COVID-19 health recommendations (PLR) or standard language version recommendations (SLV). The primary result of the study showed there were no significant differences in scores on questions testing understanding between the 2 formats, but participants exposed to the PLR format demonstrated slightly higher scores. Results of the study confirm previous research and recommendations for the effective construction of advice messages. Specifically, participants perceived PLR-formatted messages as more accessible, more satisfying, and having higher usability than t...
Read MoreThis randomized clinical trial evaluates a plain language recommendation format vs a standard language version for understanding COVID-19 health recommendations among youths.
Read MoreThis Patient Page describes how to protect children against insect bites, how to choose a bug repellent, and tips for applying bug repellent.
Read MoreAs of April 2023, over 39 million children worldwide have been infected with SARS-CoV-2. Now entering the fourth year after COVID-19 was declared a pandemic in March 2020, children have been at the forefront of dialogues around school closures, mask mandates, and vaccination campaigns. Fundamental to these discussions lies a need to quantify the impact of COVID-19 on children—and in order to optimize child health now and in the future, we must learn from our past.
Read MoreThis study examines the association between hospital consolidation and loss of pediatric inpatient services.
Read MoreTo the Editor The research article published by Skoff et al reported that, following maternal diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine introduction, a sustained decrease in pertussis incidence was observed in infants younger than 2 months. A slope of −14.53 per 100 000 infants per year from before to after implementation during pregnancy has been calculated. Modern approaches in prenatal communication may be relevant to this study.
Read MoreThis cohort study examines the association of childhood housing insecurity with anxiety and depression symptoms during childhood and adulthood.
Read MoreDespite consistent evidence suggesting high rates of physical and psychosocial morbidity among survivors of childhood cancer, debate has persisted: are those who are diagnosed with cancer as children, adolescents, or young adults ([CAYAs] 0 to 25 years old) at higher risk than their siblings or peers for depression, anxiety, suicide, or other mental health disorders? The article by Lee et al in this issue of JAMA Pediatrics provides the most definitive answer to date: yes. In their systematic review and meta-analysis of data from 52 studies and over 20 000 CAYA cancer survivors, they confirmed lifetime elevated risks of depression (relative risk [RR], 1.57; 95% CI, 1.29-1.92), anxiety (RR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.14-1.47), and other psychiatric illnesses (ie, schizophrenia, RR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.36...
Read MoreThis systematic review and meta-analysis assesses the lasting psychological morbidity among children, adolescents, and young adults with cancer.
Read MoreThis cohort study assesses changes in the volume of medical advice messages between 2019 and 2021, variation among pediatricians, and the association of volume with time spent working on the electronic health record outside clinical hours.
Read MoreThis cross-sectional study investigates the incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years of childhood diabetes at the global, national, and regional levels from 1990 to 2019.
Read MoreThis study attempts to estimate medical expenditures among US youth across all body mass index categories along with sex and age groups.
Read MoreLarge systems-level changes are needed to address the high prevalence of childhood obesity in the US. In a world with many competing priorities, stakeholders need to understand the value of investing in childhood obesity policy changes to prioritize funding clinical and policy interventions. The study by Kumar et al in this issue of JAMA Pediatrics aims to estimate the association between children’s body mass index (BMI) class and medical expenditures in the US. Using electronic medical record (EMR) and claims data for privately insured youth, this cross-sectional study found that, relative to healthy weight, having underweight, overweight, and moderate and severe obesity were associated with higher total health care expenditures among those aged 2 to 19 years in 2018.
Read MoreVision: JAMA Pediatrics will be the most respected source of information for investigators, providers, and policy makers seeking the highest quality evidence to guide decision-making.
Read MoreThis cohort study determines if prehospital transfusion is associated with decreased mortality in injured children using a statewide trauma database.
Read MoreThis cohort study analyzes data from 3 commercial claims databases to conduct near–real-time monitoring of health outcomes following BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccination in the US pediatric population aged 5 to 17 years.
Read MoreThis cohort study investigates if vaginal human papillomavirus infection during pregnancy can be transmitted to the neonate via the placenta and if the virus persists in infected neonates.
Read MoreIn Reply We appreciate the commentary from Kalyanaraman Marcello highlighting produce delivery as a modality for improving food access. We agree that produce delivery models reduce barriers for households that cannot easily access vegetables and fruits from local purveyors, such as grocery stores or farmers markets, and thus may be an important component of an equitable system.
Read MoreTo the Editor I appreciated the recent Viewpoint by Virudachalam et al highlighting the critical need to expand produce prescription programs to children as a means to advance food equity. As the principal investigator of Food for Health, a randomized clinical trial of a produce prescription program for children at New York City Health + Hospitals, the nation’s largest public health care system, I wholeheartedly agree with the authors’ sentiments. However, I regret that they overlooked the rapidly growing modality of home delivery of fruits and vegetables, which eliminates multiple barriers to inequitable fruit and vegetable access and stands to play an important role in advancing food and health equity.
Read MoreThis cohort study examines patterns and out-of-pocket costs of instrument-based screening among children 12 to 36 months.
Read MoreTrauma is the leading cause of mortality and hemorrhagic shock in pediatric patients, and sustained injuries are one of the most common causes of preventable mortality in these patients. An estimated 1000 to 2000 preventable traumatic deaths in children per year occur after injury in the US because of inadequate or delayed care. Some of these deaths may represent pediatric patients with unrecognized hemorrhagic shock who are not promptly treated with hemorrhage control and appropriate hemostatic resuscitation. The 30-day mortality in children with traumatic hemorrhagic shock is estimated to be 36% to 50% compared with the 25% reported mortality in similar adults. A retrospective review of the Pennsylvania statewide trauma database by Morgan et al aimed to determine if the utilization of pr...
Read MoreThis Patient Page describes the challenges of returning to work while breastfeeding, tips on how to transition back to work, and the advantages of breast milk.
Read MoreThis cohort study determines the disparities associated with central line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rates in pediatric patients from minoritized racial, ethnic, and language groups.
Read MoreVision: JAMA Pediatrics will be the most respected source of information for investigators, providers, and policy makers seeking the highest quality evidence to guide decision-making.
Read MoreThis cohort study examines the association between physical fitness and subsequent risk for inflammatory bowel disease among children and adolescents in Taiwan.
Read MoreThis Viewpoint discusses the important role pediatricians play in assessment, prevention, and early intervention for children who display impairing emotional outbursts.
Read MoreThis Patient Page describes how children may develop iron-deficiency anemia and provides information on how to make sure children have enough iron in their bodies.
Read MoreIn the Original Investigation titled “Psychometric Properties of Screening Instruments for Social Network Use Disorder in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review,” published online February 20, 2023, the 10th author’s surname was misspelled in the byline. The author’s name has been corrected to Zsolt Demetrovics, PhD. This article was corrected online.
Read MoreThis cohort study assesses 5-year race-stratified neonatal mortality and prevalence of preterm births in the US using birth-based and fetuses-at-risk approaches.
Read MoreThis diagnostic study describes a dog screening program used to identify COVID-19 infections among schoolchildren.
Read MoreVision: JAMA Pediatrics will be the most respected source of information for investigators, providers, and policy makers seeking the highest quality evidence to guide decision-making.
Read MoreThe area of screening and treatment for dyslipidemia in children and adolescents has been controversial. One reason for this is that dyslipidemia is heterogeneous with multiple underlying causes, including genetic and lifestyle causes. One area that is less controversial is that of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). Familial hypercholesterolemia is due to a genetic abnormality impacting the structure, function, or metabolism of the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor, resulting in elevated plasma LDL cholesterol (LDL-C). There is a variety of gene variants that can underlie FH, including those involving the LDL receptor, apolipoprotein B, or proprotein subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PLSK9), which result in marked elevation of plasma LDL-C from birth and, without intervention, throughout life...
Read MoreThis study investigates cost-effectiveness and the return on investment of a nationwide case-finding and preventive treatment program starting with identification of familial hypercholesterolemia in children and treatment.
Read MoreThis systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates depression and anxiety among children and adolescents during vs before the COVID-19 pandemic.
Read MoreVision: JAMA Pediatrics will be the most respected source of information for investigators, providers, and policy makers seeking the highest quality evidence to guide decision-making.
Read MoreThis Patient Page discusses how to prevent sunburns by avoiding midday sun exposure, using sunscreen, and wearing protective clothing.
Read MoreRequiring hospital care can be stressful for children and their families, and this stress can continue after discharge when the hospital bill arrives. As documented by Carlton et al, out-of-pocket costs for children’s hospitalizations can be substantial. In their study of commercial claims for 183 780 non–birth-related hospitalizations from 2017 to 2019 for children aged 0 to 18 years measured in national MarketScan claims data, they found that the mean out-of-pocket cost per hospitalization was $1313 and exceeded $3000 for 14% of hospitalizations. Not surprisingly, children in high-deductible health plans had higher out-of-pocket costs per hospitalization. Relatedly, hospitalizations in the first part of the calendar year incurred higher out-of-pocket costs, presumably because annual dedu...
Read MoreThis cross-sectional study uses data from the Healthy Kids Colorado Survey to examine middle and high school students’ perception of the time they would need to access a loaded firearm.
Read MoreTo the Editor The recent study by Hoffmann et al and accompanying editorial by Carroll and Hayes paint a sobering picture of the mental health system and access to care. We would like to make a few comments in response.
Read MoreIn Reply We thank Berger from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration for his interest in our work. We appreciate his points and offer some additional considerations to support the mental health needs of children.
Read MoreThis cross-sectional study estimates out-of-pocket spending for non–birth-related hospitalizations among privately insured children and identifies factors associated with this spending.
Read MoreThis systematic review and meta-analysis examines whether introducing allergenic foods to infants aged 2 to 12 months is associated with risk of developing immunoglobulin E–mediated food allergy at 1 to 5 years of age.
Read MoreThis cohort study evaluates intensive care unit admissions as well as characteristics and outcomes of children receiving intensive care in the US.
Read MoreThis Viewpoint discusses the need for accurately screening for and measuring adolescent food insecurity.
Read MoreThis Viewpoint discusses how to support patient and clinician safety regarding extreme online threats to gender-affirming care.
Read MoreEfforts directed at the early identification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children began more than 2 decades ago. Movement toward universal screening in pediatric practices began with publication of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) in 2001, followed by American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidance in use of this and similar tools in 2006.
Read MoreVision: JAMA Pediatrics will be the most respected source of information for investigators, providers, and policy makers seeking the highest quality evidence to guide decision-making.
Read MoreThis cross-sectional study of US Department of Agriculture and census data examines differences in child food insecurity and changes in Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) retailers before and after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Read MoreThis Patient Page describes what parent-child interaction therapy is and who can benefit from this type of therapy.
Read MoreThis case-control study estimates the effectiveness of maternal postpartum messenger RNA (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccination against Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalization in infants younger than 6 months.
Read MoreTo the Editor The review of antibiotic therapy for children with nonsevere community-acquired pneumonia by Li et al found that shorter courses of antibiotics were not inferior to longer courses of antibiotics. But are even low doses of antibiotics routinely indicated for so-called community-acquired pneumonia? In fact, a study of children who met the World Health Organization’s criteria for community-acquired pneumonia demonstrated that the outcome of children receiving no antibiotics was not inferior to the outcome in children who received antibiotics. That result is consistent with the viral etiology of most children hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia.
Read MoreIn Reply We appreciate the interest in our article comparing a shorter and a longer course of antibiotic therapy for nonsevere community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children. First, Weinberger suggests replacing community acquired with viral or bacterial as the adjectival phrase for pediatric pneumonia. Our systematic review included children who met the diagnostic criteria for CAP. The included studies did not provide information on the etiologic pathogens of these patients, nor did they diagnose patients with bacterial or viral pneumonia. As a result, we can only define the study population as having CAP based on the available data. This issue was addressed in the article’s Discussion section.
Read MoreThis cohort study investigates the association of myocarditis or pericarditis with BNT162b2 vaccination in adolescents aged 12 to 17 years.
Read MoreThis randomized clinical trial presents data about the clinical efficacy and changes in nasopharyngeal microbiome in children aged 4 to 8 years after treatment with intranasal mometasone furoate for chronic rhinosinusitis.
Read MoreVision: JAMA Pediatrics will be the most respected source of information for investigators, providers, and policy makers seeking the highest quality evidence to guide decision-making.
Read MoreThis Patient Page describes how caregivers can help children organize their feelings and emotions to promote mental health.
Read MoreCurrently, 1 in 44 children receive an autism diagnosis by the age of 8 years in the United States; despite improvements in recognition of autism, autistic people still have poor long-term outcomes regarding their health and health care. Overall, autistic people are dying much younger than expected, with several studies now suggesting that autistic people are, on average, dying 12 to 30 years younger than others. Unfortunately, risk of dying by suicide is also elevated among autistic people, with as many as 1 in 3 reporting a previous suicide attempt. However, the growing literature on premature mortality also points to physical health problems that are currently underresearched and underexplored. In particular, there is a paucity of research on the chronic physical health problems among a...
Read MoreThis systematic review and meta-analysis investigates whether individuals with autism are at a higher associated risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and macrovascular atherosclerotic disease.
Read MoreThis cohort study uses survey data of young adults to identify and describe patterns of initiation of and escalation to high-intensity drinking.
Read MoreThis systematic review and network meta-analysis evaluates the comparative efficacy and safety of various dietary therapies in childhood drug-resistant epilepsy.
Read MoreThis cohort study analyzes data for children from the population-based study Growing Up in Singapore Toward Healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) to examine the associations between infant screen time, electroencephalography markers, and school-age cognitive outcomes using a mediation analysis.
Read MoreIn the Research Letter titled “BNT162b2 Vaccine Effectiveness Against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant in Children Aged 5 to 11 Years,” published online January 9, 2023, the author affiliations were attributed incorrectly. This article was corrected online.
Read MoreIn the Original Investigation titled “Telehealth Treatment of Behavior Problems in Young Children With Developmental Delay: A Randomized Clinical Trial,” published online January 9, 2023, the Results section of the Abstract and article body incorrectly listed children’s age in years instead of months. This article has been corrected online.
Read MoreIn the Viewpoint titled “Is There Enough Choline for Children in Food Aid?,” published online January 23, 2023, the second author’s name was misspelled. The correct spelling is Marie Caudill, PhD. In addition, text was updated to reflect minor clarifications. This article was corrected online.
Read MorePhysical activity is remarkable medicine. The 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans reported 27 major physical and mental health benefits with strong research support, all of which are compelling (eg, lower all-cause mortality). Among these benefits, 9 were denoted as new for 2018. These new benefits are, of course, not new in the sense that active people in the past did not receive them; rather, they are new in the sense that sufficient evidence arose in meta-analyses to affirm them. In their systematic review and meta-analysis published in this issue of JAMA Pediatrics, Recchia et al extend the evidence on health benefits of physical activity. Their meta-analysis includes data from more than 2400 youth who participated in more than 20 randomized clinical trial and quasi-experim...
Read MoreThis cohort study of middle school students in North Carolina examines whether the frequency of checking behaviors on 3 popular social media platforms (Facebook, Instagram, and Snapchat) is associated with trajectories of functional brain development across adolescence.
Read MoreThis systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials assesses the benefits of physical activity interventions on alleviating depressive symptoms in children and adolescents.
Read MoreTimely access to scientific research findings for the broadest possible audience is a principle on which sound science is based. Access to new findings helps other scientists adjust their hypotheses and open new lines of inquiry, thereby supporting and accelerating further discovery and innovation. For those who rely on newly generated evidence to develop policies and define practices that improve medicine and public health, rapid and equitable access is critical. The principle of broad access is a cornerstone of transparency, reinforces rigor and reproducibility, and ultimately, is critical to all stakeholders’ trust in science.
Read MoreThis Patient Page describes the symptoms, diagnosis, treatments, and timeline of constipation in children.
Read MoreIn the Original Investigation titled “Inhaled Corticosteroids Alone and in Combination With Long-Acting β2 Receptor Agonists to Treat Reduced Lung Function in Preterm-Born Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial,” published online December 13, 2021, and in the February 2022 issue, there were labeling errors in the flow diagram. In the rightmost rectangle below the “53 Randomized” oval, the label reading “14 ICS with LABA” should have been “14 Placebo.” In the leftmost rectangle, the label reading “20 ICS with LABA” should have read “20 ICS.” This article was corrected online.
Read MoreAs research in psychological and medical sciences attempts to acknowledge and address racist systems, we must keep a keen eye on justice and avoid the pitfalls of making systems of power and oppression invisible. Toward this effort, we contend that studies that highlight racial disparities should also name and define racism and identify systems of inequality within a sociohistorical context.
Read MoreVision: JAMA Pediatrics will be the most respected source of information for investigators, providers, and policy makers seeking the highest quality evidence to guide decision-making.
Read MoreRouabhi et al present a novel prognostic tool for identifying the risk of cerebral palsy (CP) in a “low-risk” term newborn, using a large sample of population register data from Canadian infants. Selected clinical variables based on published risk factors were used to build and test a model. Variables not contributing to the model were removed, enabling development of a streamlined prognostic tool. The authors identified 12 clinical variables for inclusion within the tool, all of which are routinely collected clinical information about pregnancy and maternal history (eg, preeclampsia, tobacco use), labor and delivery history (eg, prolonged rupture of membranes, Apgar scores), and infant characteristics (eg, sex, birth weight). The tool calculates a prediction value for risk of CP and gives...
Read MoreThis case-control study evaluates a cerebral palsy prognostic tool that can be applied to all term neonates to identify those at increased risk of developing cerebral palsy.
Read MoreCerebral palsy (CP) remains the most common lifelong physical disability condition in childhood, affecting about 2 to 4 children per 1000 live births each year in high-income countries. The etiological causes for most CP cases remain unknown, and only a few perinatal risk factors, such as birth asphyxia, preterm delivery, and infections, have been identified. Ahmed and colleagues conducted a large medical linkage cohort study of CP that included more than 2 million mothers and children living in Ontario, Canada, and reported that maternal unintentional injury during pregnancy was associated with a higher risk for CP in the offspring (hazard ratio, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.18-1.50). The study showed that maternal injuries that were severe, such as those resulting in hospitalization or having to deli...
Read MoreThis cohort study investigates the association between maternal exposure to injury during pregnancy and the risk of cerebral palsy in offspring.
Read MoreThis secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial evaluates the effect of vitamin D supplementation on linear growth, body composition, and pubertal development in school-aged children with a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency.
Read MoreThis Viewpoint describes the scientific mission of the Pediatric Trauma and Critical Illness Branch of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development for research on pediatric trauma and critical illness.
Read MoreThe Original Investigation titled “Effect of Vitamin C Supplementation for Pregnant Smokers on Offspring Airway Function and Wheeze at Age 5 Years: Follow-up of a Randomized Clinical Trial,” published online November 21, 2022, listed incomplete and inaccurate Funding/Support information regarding grants received from the National Institutes of Health. The Article Information section has been updated to include the correct Funding/Support information.
Read MoreIn the Editorial titled “The US Mental Health System Is So Broken That Even Money Can’t Fix It,” which published online November 21, 2022, a name in the fourth paragraph of the text was misspelled. The correct spelling is Hoffmann. This article has been corrected online.
Read MoreVision: JAMA Pediatrics will be the most respected source of information for investigators, providers, and policy makers seeking the highest quality evidence to guide decision-making.
Read MoreTo the Editor I read Abdus and Selden’s Research Letter with great interest. I am a pediatric health services researcher and primary care pediatrician and was intrigued by considerably lower adherence rates than other studies’ estimates. Some nuances of clinical practice might be important to consider when interpreting the study’s results.
Read MoreIn Reply Measuring well-child visit (WCV) adherence poses important measurement challenges, with no single method or data source best capturing all dimensions of this issue. We thank Goff for her interest in our research, and we agree our measure may have understated adherence. We nevertheless have concerns with the benchmarks she cites and alternative measures she suggests.
Read MoreThis cohort study examines the association between the parent-reported frequency of use of mobile devices to calm the emotions and behavior of children aged 3 to 5 years and the long-term difficulties with the children’s executive functioning and emotional reactivity.
Read MoreIn the Original Investigation titled “Incidence of Kawasaki Disease Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan: Results of the 26th Nationwide Survey, 2019 to 2020” published online on October 17, 2022, there was a typographical error in Figure 1. The age range listed in the blue axis should be 0 to 59 months. This article was corrected online.
Read MoreVision: JAMA Pediatrics will be the most respected source of information for investigators, providers, and policy makers seeking the highest quality evidence to guide decision-making.
Read MoreThis systematic review and meta-analysis investigates whether a shorter course of antibiotics is noninferior to a longer course for the treatment of nonsevere community-acquired pneumonia in children aged 2 to 59 months.
Read MoreThis systematic review and meta-analysis assesses changes in the duration, content, and context of daily digital device use among children and adolescents by comparing estimates made before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Read MoreThis case series compares the number of adolescent/young adult patients seeking inpatient and outpatient eating disorder care before and after onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Read MoreThis Patient Page describes the safest sleeping positions and environment for infants.
Read MoreMigraine is one of the most common neurological conditions worldwide, affecting 5% to 10% of younger children and up to 25% of adolescent girls. Recurrent headaches can be extremely disabling and often prevent children from fully participating in school or extracurricular activities. Despite evidence that pediatric migraine is associated with poor quality of life and is causing a growing global economic burden, many basic questions about migraine management and factors that influence migraine remain unanswered. There is an ongoing need for rigorous studies in pediatric migraine, including an examination of comorbidities, migraine treatment options, and how management of comorbidities, like mood disorders, may affect migraine-related disability and outcomes.
Read MoreTo the Editor We appreciated the recent Viewpoint discussing neurodiversity and early intervention (EI) for autism. We share the authors’ concerns about systematic discrimination in the education and employment of individuals with diverse abilities and agree that society needs to accommodate both strengths and weaknesses. Having studied the loss of the autism spectrum disorder diagnosis, we agree that the loss of the diagnosis should not be a priority in EI for autistic children; rather, EI should focus on supporting them in language, social communication, adaptive behavior, and relationships. We endorse the long-term goals proposed by McCauley et al of autonomy, daily living skills, relationships, and employment or other activities outside the home in forms that are consistent with the in...
Read MoreTo the Editor As autistic physicians, we agree with the position of Dawson et al: the neurodiversity movement regards autistic individuals to be both neurodivergent (diverging from the neurotypical majority) and disabled by environments not designed for autistic flourishing. Neurodiversity-informed therapeutic interventions therefore emphasize modification of external factors to better fit the autistic person. Therapeutic attempts to alter factors within the person must be done with utmost care to maintain the person’s autistic identity while helping support integration in the neurotypical world.
Read MoreIn Reply In response to our article, Eigsti et al note that they share our concern about systematic discrimination in the education and employment of individuals with diverse abilities. Bernard et al underscore the need for therapeutic interventions for autism to be neurodiversity affirmative.
Read MoreThis cohort study examines a large multicenter data set over 13 influenza seasons to determine whether early use of oseltamivir is associated with improved outcomes in children hospitalized with influenza.
Read MoreThe Original Investigation titled “Peripartum Outcomes Associated With COVID-19 Vaccination During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis,” published on October 3, 2022, was corrected to fix an error reported in the Abstract; “chorioamnionitis (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.86-1.31)” was updated to “chorioamnionitis (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.83-1.07).” This article was corrected online.
Read MoreVision: JAMA Pediatrics will be the most respected source of information for investigators, providers, and policy makers seeking the highest quality evidence to guide decision-making.
Read MoreThis Viewpoint discusses the critical need for research regarding perceptions of edible cannabis, effective methods to educate and screen caregivers, and innovative approaches to safe storage, considering the increase in unintentional ingestion of cannabis edibles among children.
Read MoreIn the Research Letter “Detection of Messenger RNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Human Breast Milk,” published online first on September 26, 2022, there was an error in the eMethods in the Supplement. The study period was in 2021, not 2020. In addition, corrections were made to typographical errors in the eMethods text to fix punctuation and repetition. This article was corrected online.
Read MoreIn the Research Letter titled “Orphanhood and Caregiver Loss Among Children Based on New Global Excess COVID-19 Death Estimates,” published September 6, 2022, there was an error in the Table. The second subheading in the first column should be May 1, 2022. This article was corrected online.
Read MoreTo the Editor The Research Letter by Nguyen and colleagues addresses the association between medical school attrition and mistreatment and discrimination. The conclusions of this study not only confirm the associations but also highlight issues related to sociodemographic factors. Here, we suggest some analytic considerations that may help the authors clarify the key messages from the study.
Read MoreIn Reply Chen and Lin raise important questions regarding the association between race and ethnicity and the experience of mistreatment and discrimination in medical school and how standardized test scores, in particular the Medical College Admissions Test (MCAT), are associated with medical school attrition.
Read MoreThis study evaluates the association between COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy and peripartum outcomes.
Read MoreThis cohort study uses a national administrative claims database of children with sepsis or nonsepsis hospitalization to assess whether sepsis is associated with the development and progression of comorbid conditions.
Read MoreThis study attempts to determine whether the diarrheal etiology prediction algorithm impacts antibiotic prescriptions in patients with acute diarrhea.
Read MoreThis systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the Ages and Stages Questionnaire's utility as a screening or diagnostic tool to identify developmental delay in children aged 12-60 months.
Read MoreIn this issue of JAMA Pediatrics, Copeland et al report on a 20-year follow-up of children, now adults, who were part of a natural experiment of cash transfers to some families. Due to an opening of a casino on the tribal lands located in the southeastern US, which coincided with an ongoing longitudinal cohort study of families called the Great Smoky Mountains Study, a coincidence allowed the study of outcomes of children receiving an exogenous income supplement compared with those who did not. This ongoing study helped address a long-standing and important question: Can investments in families early in the life course lead to better outcomes, especially for children living in poverty?
Read MoreTo the Editor We read with interest the article by Bilinski et al modeling transmission outcomes and cost of SARS-CoV-2 school testing programs. It is crucial to understand the realities of screening and surveillance in kindergarten through 12th-grade (K-12) testing programs when determining value.
Read MoreIn Reply We thank Schuster et al for providing important context about school testing programs in response to our article. We wholeheartedly agree that schools, particularly those with English-language-learning and low-income student populations, have faced logistical barriers in implementing testing programs and that these challenges need to be considered in schools’ decisions about the role of testing.
Read MoreThis cohort study evaluates diagnosed symptoms, diagnosed health conditions, and medications associated with postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children.
Read MoreIn Reply We appreciate the comments from Brooks et al, who offer perspectives on youth weight lifting in response to our article “Physical Activity in Children.” As our article noted, children should engage in many types of activities, which importantly includes weight-bearing exercise. We appreciate these authors’ insights on the specifics of weight lifting in children, where they note that “well-designed weight lifting programs have no apparent negative effect on linear growth,” and encourage consensus in this area. We could not agree more.
Read MoreVision: JAMA Pediatrics will be the most respected source of information for investigators, providers, and policy makers seeking the highest quality evidence to guide decision-making.
Read MoreThis Patient Page describes how to find a child health clinician, what you can learn about the clinician at a prenatal visit, and how to decide if a clinic fits your schedule and expectations.
Read MoreTo the Editor We read the article entitled “Physical Activity in Children” by Michel et al with great interest. The authors described troubling trends in youth physical activity that have worsened with the recent COVID-19 pandemic. We concur with the authors that different types of physical activity, including aerobic exercise (eg, jumping rope), muscle strengthening exercise (eg, push-ups), and bone strengthening exercises (eg, playing hopscotch), offer unique health and fitness benefits to children. Among several recommendations, the authors rightly emphasize the need to include all 3 types of exercise in a child’s routine for at least 60 minutes per day. However, the authors state that weight lifting (eg, strength training with dumbbells and barbells) is “not appropriate for younger chi...
Read MoreIn the Research Letter titled “A Difference-in-Differences Analysis of Youth Smoking and a Ban on Sales of Flavored Tobacco Products in San Francisco, California,” published online first on May 24, 2021, and in the August 2021 issue of JAMA Pediatrics, there was an error in the time frame for the 2019 wave of the San Francisco district Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System survey. The data were collected between November 5, 2018, and December 14, 2018, and not during the spring semester, as originally reported. To address this error, clarifications and corrections to the text of the article, the eMethods in the Supplement, and the label on the x-axis of Figure 1 have been made. In addition, a correction to the Conflicts of Interest Disclosures has been made to include the author’s disclo...
Read MoreThe Original Investigation titled “Developmental Variability in Autism Across 17 000 Autistic Individuals and 4000 Siblings Without an Autism Diagnosis,” published on July 18, 2022, was corrected to update the article’s Open Access status.
Read MoreIn the Patient Page titled “Social Media Use in Children and Adolescents,” published in the July 2022 issue, the third sentence in the second paragraph was corrected to reflect updated terminology. This article was corrected online.
Read MoreVision: JAMA Pediatrics will be the most respected source of information for investigators, providers, and policy makers seeking the highest quality evidence to guide decision-making.
Read MoreRacial disparities in neonatal health are well documented. In the United States in 2019, the Black infant death rate was 10.6 per 1000 live births—more than double the rate of 4.5 in White infants. Between 2017 and 2019, the leading cause of Black infant mortality, preterm birth, was 52% higher in Black than in White infants. Among those born preterm, Black infants have higher rates of common morbidities. Although the incompletely characterized determinants of these disparities are multifactorial and complex, interpersonal and structural racism are key drivers.
Read MoreThis cohort study investigates the association of maternal race with death and length of hospital stay in infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the US.
Read MoreThis Patient Page discusses comprehensive intensive behavioral intervention programs for child weight management and warning signs parents can look out for to prevent their child from trying to lose weight on their own.
Read MoreFor more than 2 decades, since the release of the Institute of Medicine’s groundbreaking report To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health System¸ hospitals and health care systems have struggled to understand and improve patient safety. On the basis of 2 large epidemiologic studies, the Institute of Medicine estimated in 1999 that 44 000 to 98 000 patients were being killed each year in the US due to medical errors and called for this rate to be halved within 5 years. The federal government and health systems responded to this call with an increased investment of funding and personnel committed to getting the patient safety epidemic under control. While our collective understanding of the human and systemic drivers of medical errors grew, it became painfully clear that the ambitious goal of...
Read MoreThis cohort study evaluates associations between membership in a federally funded hospital engagement network and hospital-acquired harm using standardized definitions and secular trend adjustment.
Read MoreThis Viewpoint discusses the US Child Tax Credit, residualism vs universalism policy schools of thought, and the means test.
Read MoreThis cohort study investigates the risk of multisystem inflammatory syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection in vaccinated and unvaccinated children before and during the Omicron wave in Denmark.
Read MoreTo the Editor Frost and Hersh argue that nearly 75% of antibiotics used for the treatment of acute otitis media (AOM) may be unnecessary. Their position hinges on a review article that quotes a study conducted 50 years ago, which they claim shows that symptoms in children with AOM caused by Hemophilus influenzae or Moraxella catarrhalis are more likely to resolve spontaneously without treatment compared with symptoms in children with Streptococcus pneumoniae. However, as all children in the above study had tympanocentesis at entry, its data cannot be used to estimate spontaneous resolution rates. More recent data suggest that H influenzae, not S pneumoniae, is more likely to be recovered from middle ears of children experiencing treatment failure. In our recent placebo-controlled trial, fa...
Read MoreTo the Editor We are writing in response to the article by McDermott et al. The study is both hopeful and practical. It would be wonderful to see such point-of-care testing become more widespread.
Read MoreIn Reply We are grateful to Mahmood and Leung for their interest in our article. They argue that there are more efficient ways to test for the MT-RNR1 m.1555A>G variant than the rapid point-of-care test (POCT) used in our study. They correctly state that m.1555A>G is subject to mitochondrial inheritance, and therefore knowing whether the mother was a carrier prior to delivery would negate the need for a rapid POCT. This biological assessment is sound, and testing every expectant mother for the variant would theoretically remove the need for rapid testing. However, this is neither cost-effective nor practicable.
Read MoreIn the Original Investigation titled “Association Between Screen Time Trajectory and Early Childhood Development in Children in China,” which published online online June 6, 2022, the second author’s name was misspelled. The correct spelling is Zhangsheng Yu, PhD. This article has been corrected online.
Read MoreIn the Original Investigation titled “Risk and Phenotype of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Danish Children Before and During the Omicron Wave,” published June 8, 2022, there was an error in the Table 1 footnotes. In footnote a, reference citations were added, and a multiplier was corrected. This article was corrected online.
Read MoreVision: JAMA Pediatrics will be the most respected source of information for investigators, providers, and policy makers seeking the highest quality evidence to guide decision-making.
Read MoreThis Patient Page describes what drowning and dry drowning are and offers some water safety tips.
Read MoreIn the Original Investigation titled “Reassessment of the Role of Race in Calculating the Risk for Urinary Tract Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis,” published online April 18, 2022, the second author’s middle initial was missing and the reference citations in Figure 2 were incorrect. The second author’s name has been corrected to Matthew C. Lee, BA, and the reference citations in Figure 2 have been updated. This article was corrected online.
Read MoreIn the Original Investigation titled “Childhood Asthma Incidence, Early and Persistent Wheeze, and Neighborhood Socioeconomic Factors in the ECHO/CREW Consortium,” published online May 23, 2022, an author’s name contained errors in the byline and contributions section. The author’s name has been corrected to Eneida A. Mendonça, MD, PhD. This article was corrected online.
Read MoreThis survey study examines data from the US National Survey of Children’s Health to identify trends in children’s health from 2016 to 2020, including significant changes that might be attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Read MoreVision: JAMA Pediatrics will be the most respected source of information for investigators, providers, and policy makers seeking the highest quality evidence to guide decision-making.
Read MoreThis Patient Page describes risks of social media use and how parents can keep children safe while using social media.
Read MoreTo the Editor In their study of fatal drug overdoses among young people aged 10 to 24 years, Hall and colleagues report 21 689 deaths from 2015 to 2019, which resulted in 1.23 million years of lost life (YLL). This averages to 57 YLL per overdose death, a devastating statistic.
Read MoreIn Reply Harris’s observations extend our research letter and provide evidence that is concordant with prior findings from our group. Previously, we found rates of unintentional opioid overdose mortality increasing faster among Black residents of Ohio compared with their White counterparts. We also found that experiences of racist mistreatment by health care workers are common among Black patients seeking addiction treatment and that a history of such experiences is related to medical mistrust, delay in seeking treatment for addiction, anticipation of racial discrimination during addiction treatment, and fear of discrimination-precipitated relapse. Further, it has been observed that the US addiction treatment workforce is predominantly White, and an increase in addiction treatment professi...
Read MoreThis cohort study examines rates of suspension between autistic and nonautistic students in New Zealand and whether an association exists between funding and rates of suspension for autistic students.
Read MoreThis cohort study attempts to delineate test characteristics of the pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score for predicting in-hospital mortality among pediatric emergency department patients.
Read MoreA policy to subsidize neighborhood supermarkets is the center of a report by Rummo et al about a New York City (NYC), New York, initiative titled Food Retail Expansion to Support Health (FRESH). Given tax and zoning incentives, FRESH supermarkets are required to have a greater proportion of their store dedicated to fresh produce and grocery products. The program aims to amplify consumers’ ability to buy affordable, healthy foods. While the FRESH program did not have any meaningful association with changes in the grocery habits of adults and children, among individuals who lived within 0.50 miles of a FRESH-subsidized supermarket, there was an increase in self-reported intake of healthy foods and decreased intake of “unhealthy foods.”
Read MoreThis systematic review and meta-analysis quantifies the association of food and nonalcoholic beverage marketing with behavioral and health outcomes in children and adolescents.
Read MoreLike most existential threats, pandemics generate not only hardships but also hard choices. Clearly, the COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly disrupted the fabric of family and community life. However, it has also triggered emergency policy responses that have cut through years of muddled inaction on issues critical to child health and well-being. Many people are surprised to learn that now, 2 years into the pandemic, child poverty has fallen to historic lows. This is not the result of some long-term secular trend. Rather, it is the result of new, aggressive policy initiatives, initiatives that without immediate action will be abandoned in the coming months.
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